First SSLLS Meeting of the Year!

Tuesday, October 2, 2013, at 11:45 AM in Room TBA. Come check us out!

Our First Featured Post

Space Debris Remediation, by Loretta Tracy with research assistance by Justin Silver

Just Keep Swimming!

Law of the Sea!

Sunday, October 28, 2012

Upcoming Talks, Friday November 9th and Tuesday November 13

This Friday (Friday, Gotta Get Down on Friday), November 9, the Society of Space and Sea Law will host our first speaker of the Fall 2012 Semester!

NASA Senior Attorney Richard McCarthy will speak about NASA today, the legal practice at NASA, as well as about legal issues with orbital debris and space instrument creditor rights from 11:45-1:00pm in Hutchins 218.

Then, Tuesday, Tuesday, Tuesday, November 13, the Society of Space and Sea Law will host our second speaker.

Former Secretary of the Navy, Donald Winters will be discussing Flags of Convenience, Classification Societies and the emergence of Port Control regimes as a corrective measure in Hutchins 218 from 12-1:00pm.

It's 'two' much fun. 

Food will be served. Be there or be square.

A brief bio of  Donald Winters, courtesy of Wikipedia. 

Wednesday, February 15, 2012

Space Week - March 2012

Attention, Space Law Enthusiasts!  We are kicking off this semester with Space Law events and are hosting the first ever Space Week at the University of Michigan Law School featuring three fantastic speakers.  The event is also sponsored by the Society for the Exploration and Development of Space.

Lennard Fisk, University of Michigan
Lennard Fisk, Keynote Speaker, “Space as a Global Commons”
Tuesday, March 6, 2012 at 12:15 P.M. in Room 250, Hutchins Hall
Lennard Fisk is the Thomas M. Donahue Distinguished University Professor of Space Science at the University of Michigan, and he formerly served on the NASA Advisory Council.  He holds a Ph.D., from the University of California – San Diego in applied physics.  His expertise includes research on solar and heliospheric physics.

Matthew Schaefer, University of Nebraska College of Law
Matthew Schaefer, "Space Odyssey 2031: Competing Visions of Commercial Space Activity and the Role of Law"
Wednesday, March 7, 2012 at 12:15 P.M. in Room 250, Hutchins Hall
Matthew Schaefer is the Director of the Space, Cyber, and Telecom Law Program at the University of Nebraska College of Law.  He holds a J.D., magna cum laude from the University of Michigan Law School.  His areas of legal expertise include international trade and business, space, and cyber law.

Thomas Zurbuchen, University of Michigan
Thomas Zurbuchen "The Impact of US Export Control Regulations in Space Education and Innovation"
Thursday, March 8, 2012 at 12:15 P.M. in Room 138, Hutchins Hall
Thomas Zurbuchen is the founding director for the Center for Entrepreneurship, the Associate Dean for Entrepreneurship at the University of Michigan.  He holds a Ph.D., and M.S. from the University of Bern and researches solar and heliospheric physicis and experimental space research.  Dr. Zurbuchen is interested in space exploration and innovation.  Please visit his blog at:  http://cfe.engin.umich.edu/blog/.

Space Week Flyer 2012

View more presentations from spaceandsealaw.

Monday, February 6, 2012

First General Body Meeting is a Success!


This afternoon, we had our first general body meeting of 2012 and we would like to thank everyone who attended for making it a success!  For those of you who couldn't make it, here's a recap of what we discussed. If you have any questions or are interested in participating, please email us at spaceandsealawboard@umich.edu.  We look forward to hearing from you!


We are going to be kicking off the year with a big event - an entire week dedicated to learning moreabout the field of space law!  SSLLS will be hosting keynote speaker lunches each day from Monday, March 5, to Friday, March 9, 2012, so mark your calendars!  Each speaker  will have a different area of expertise and will address different topics about Space Law over a luncheon event with time for questions.  SSLLS is currently working on collaborating with different student organizations across our University of Michigan community to make Space Week a success.  We need your help to make this event a success, so if you are interested in volunteering, please email us at spaceandsealawboard@umich.edu!  Stay tuned for more information about Space Week and our official list of events and speakers! 

Preview Weekends - March 15-17, 2012 and March 29-31, 2012

Attention Law Students:  Preview Weekends are coming up soon!  For those of you who attended a Preview Weekend last year, you know that it can be a great opportunity to learn more about the law school community and what it means to be a student at the University of Michigan Law School.  It is also a great way to interact with prospective students and a great chance for SSLLS to share more about what the fields of space law and law of the sea really are.  

SSLLS will be hosting events each weekend for prospective students and the law school community.  On March 15-17, we will be having a movie night with a hilarious, space-themed movie (details to be released soon).  We will also have a table set up to talk with new students about space law and the law of the sea.  On March 29-31, we will be co-sponsoring a night out in Ann Arbor with other University of Michigan student groups, so stay tuned for official announcements on that as well!  If you are interested in volunteering for either Preview Weekend, please email us at spaceandsealawboard@umich.edu

The Website & Writing Articles

Our first Featured Post on Space Debris Remediation was actually circulated on the internet and retweeted several times by some pretty prominent people in the field of space law.  We would like to keep the momentum going and are looking for University of Michigan Law students who would be interested in writing similar, short articles for publication on this blog about various issues, developments, or current events in either space law or the law of the sea.  If you are interested, please contact us at spaceandsealawboard@umich.edu!  We would love to work with you!

SSLLS also aims at being accessible through multiple social media networks.  You can subscribe to receive updates from our blog on the home page ("Follow by Email" under "Popular Posts"), you can find us on Facebook, follow us on Twitter, and you can watch our events when posted to our YouTube channel.  As always, we would love your feedback so feel free to comment and send us an email at 
spaceandsealawboard@umich.edu.  

Thank you!


SS
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Monday, January 23, 2012

Space Debris Remediation

By Loretta Tracy (with research assistance by Justin Silver)

NASA Space Debris Plot of Debris; Source.
What is Space Debris?
There are objects floating through space that pose potentially serious consequences for mankind.  No, this is not Armageddon.  One of the biggest threat to space exploration efforts is not a giant asteroid, but comes from space debris.  According to a study by Dave Baiocchi and William Welser IV of the RAND Corporation, there are hundreds of thousands of particles in Earth’s orbit exceeding one centimeter in diameter.  This space debris, which comprises of “non-functional, man-made objects and components thereof,” floating through space has increased substantially in recent years.

Why is Space Debris a Problem?
This spike in space debris is due to both the increasing number of actors and missions reaching into the final frontier.  Why should we fret over such small matter, especially when it is not even here on earth?  Well let’s examine a few factors.  Peter B. de Selding in his article states that approximately 1,185 spacecraft will be launched into orbit over the next decade.  Couple this with the fact that the average price of a satellite will be $99 million (not to forget the $51 million launching costs.)  That’s a whole lot of money!  And it could all be for nothing if these satellites come into contact with space debris.  The RAND study also found that “the collision of any one of these objects with an operational satellite would cause catastrophic failure of that satellite.” James Dunstan and Berin Szoka expand on the problems caused by space debris in their Forbes magazine article:

            “At stake is much more than the $200 billion a year satellite and launch industries and jobs that    
            depend on them. Satellites connect the remotest locations in the world; guide us down unfamiliar   
            roads; allow Internet users to view their homes from space; discourage war by making it   
            impossible to hide armies on another country’s borders; are utterly indispensable to American 
            troops in the field; and play a critical role in monitoring climate change and other environmental   
            problems. Orbital debris could block all these benefits for centuries and prevent us from  
            developing clean energy sources like space solar power satellites, exploring our Solar System and  
            someday making humanity a multi-planetary civilization capable of surviving true climatic     
            catastrophes.”

Space debris is a problem and with that much debris orbiting the Earth we cannot rely on Bruce Willis to save us, or our satellites.     
Although his help couldn't hurt...

What Does this Mean for the Legal Field?
Efforts aimed at solving the space debris problem have been primarily focused on mitigation efforts.  This means that those who reach space have been trying to reduce the amount of space debris that their crafts emit.  Recently, there has been a push by multiple actors to begin literally cleaning up space through the process of remediation.  However, this process creates a few significant problems. 

The International Interdisciplinary Congress on Space Debris Remediation defined a few of these problems in their Preliminary Program created for their November 2011 meeting.  The first is in relation to defining an object as space debris and then garnering the permission for the removal of the debris from the owner of the debris.  Currently, the five space treaties do not provide these definitions and do not provide a process by which this removal can begin. 

The second issue is related to liability, which is also not explicitly recognized under the current space treaties.  The Preliminary Program provides the following hypothetical:

            “If, in a state’s unilateral effort to remove from space or service its own space object in situ, a 
            functional space object launched and operated by another state is instead inadvertently damaged or 
            plucked from its orbital location and brought to the earth undamaged. In the latter situation, it can  
            be argued that the liability provisions of the current regime would not apply in such a situation  
            since, strictly speaking, no damage has been caused in outer space, in the air space or on the         
            surface of the earth.”

These issues are just the beginning of legal issues in relation to space debris.  Only time will tell what other problems arise.  Until then I have posted the articles I used in this article as well as further readings for those who want a more in depth understanding of space debris.

Sources:

Baiocchi, Dave and William Welser IV, Confronting Space Debris: Strategies and Warnings from Comparable Examples Including Deepwater Horizon, 2010

de Selding, Peter B., Space Forecast Predicts Satellite Production Boom, June 2009, http://www.space.com/6839-space-forecast-predicts-satellite-production-boom.html


Preliminary Program: International Interdisciplinary Congress on Space Debris Remediation, August 2011, http://www.mcgill.ca/files/iasl/3rd-Space-Debris-Congress-Program.pdf

Additional Information:
42 U.S.C.A. § 18441
17 F.C.C.R. 5586
19 F.C.C.R. 11567
44 Vand. J. Transnat'l L. 589
29 Yale J. Int'l L. 363
99 Am. J. Int'l L. 649
24 Hastings Int'l & Comp. L. Rev. 125
60 J. Air L. & Com. 1139
15 Ariz. J. Int'l & Comp. L. 319
T.I.A.S. No. 8480, 28 U.S.T. 695, 1976 WL 166855 (U.S. Treaty)
T.I.A.S. No. 7762, 24 U.S.T. 2389, 1973 WL 151962 (U.S. Treaty)
20 Geo. Int'l Envtl. L. Rev. 1
25 Yale J. Int'l L. 145

Thursday, December 1, 2011

SSLLS Photo Gallery

Welcome to the SSLLS Photo Gallery! We will be posting pictures for our events on this page. Photos will also appear on the SSLLS Facebook page. Check them out!

Space Week, March 6-8, 2012, University of Michigan Law School


University of Michigan Law School Campus, 2011-2012

Friday, November 11, 2011

Some Current Events in Space

By Justin Silver

So this is not going to be an in depth review of a space law issue. I realize that you may be wondering what the point of having a space law blog is if I'm not going to give you in-depth information on space law. Regardless, I think it may be useful as a first post to give a background on some current events that relate to space and talk about some of the legal questions they may raise. As a side note I have included at the bottom of this post two documents. The first is the Commercial Space Launch Act, which is the law that governs private space launch activity in the United States. The second document is a copy of the FAA rules governing requirements for privately launching human beings into space. I wanted to include them as they are going to be extremely important to any lawyer in the space law field going forward as commercial spaceflight tries to launch. (I promise to try and keep the cheesy space jokes to a minimum.)

                                               Credit: NASA

First off, some very recent news is NASA's test of the J-2X engine that will be a major component of NASA's new launch vehicle, the Space Launch System (SLS). The J-2X is actually an evolution of an engine used on the Saturn family of rockets during the Apollo program that has been updated for modern use. The Space Launch System, which is replacing the cancelled Constellation program, is a family of rockets based on Space Shuttle technology that is planned for use on mission to an object in the asteroid belt and then on to Mars. Related to this is the recent end of the Mars 500. Mars 500 was a Russian simulation of a 500 day trip to Mars. The experiment was conducted in order to test the reaction of a crew of 6 individuals on a simulated mission. Developments in exploration out of Earth's orbit raise some interesting legal issues. For example, how do you deal with a crew members that attack each other when the ship is 10s of millions of miles away from Earth and there is over a year left until return? What if an astronaut is injured upon landing on Mars and tried to file a lawsuit? Who would have jurisdiction?


                                Credit: SpaceX

Another interesting development in the field of space law is the birth of commercial human spaceflight. For example, SpaceX is developing the Falcon series of rockets and the Dragon capsule for both unmanned and manned flights to the ISS, private space stations such as those being developed by Bigelow Aerospace, the moon and even Mars. SpaceX revealed back in October that they have spent $500mm on developing their capsule and launch capability.

Needless to say, the development of private manned space exploration is going to raise issues that touch many different areas of the legal field including liability for injury, damage to property, and ownership rights to areas explored by private corporations on celestial bodies.


                                              Credit: NASA

Finally, if any of you remember some of the worries about space debris back in September when UARS was about to reenter the atmosphere it appears as if the situation may be about to repeat itself. Russia launched Phobos-Grunt on Tuesday as an attempt at a very interesting mission to land on Mars' moon Phobos and return back to Earth with a soil sample. The launch was successful but once in Earth orbit the engines that were supposed to fire to send the satellite on its way to Mars failed and the spacecraft's orbit is slowly decaying. If the Russians are unable to figure out how to fix the problem the spacecraft could re-enter the atmosphere, and while experts believe the probability is low, possibly spread seven tons of toxic hydrazine fuel over land. The issues with the mission only serve to underscore the liability that arises with any space launch and the growing hazard that space debris will pose both in orbit and on Earth in the future.

Well I hope this was at least a bit informative and everyone in SSLLS hopes to use this space (sorry I couldn't resist) to present issues throughout the year.

Thursday, November 10, 2011

First Meeting Ever!


On November 11, 2011 (yes, 11-11-11), the Society for Space Law and the Law of the Sea (SSLLS) had its first ever meeting! After introductions by the board members and a little information about why SSLLS was started, President Liz Mundee Barket gave a brief presentation below mentioning some current issues in Space Law and Law of the Sea as well as an overview of SSLLS's goals for the 2011-2012 academic year.

If you missed the meeting, please check out the PowerPoint presentation below and contact spaceandsealawboard@umich.edu if you would like to sign up for our mailing lists and become more involved!

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